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The male guinea pig is known as a boar, while a female is a sow. They are hard to tell apart physically, and they both make fantastic pets that are great for the whole family. Both are quiet pets that will get scared easily and will require special handling. It’s also important to remember that each animal is unique and may not always display the typical traits of that sex. However, many experts agree that there are some noticeable differences between them, and we’ll take a look at them here.
Visual Differences
At a Glance
- Average height (adult): 8–10 inches
- Average weight (adult): 1.5–2.2 pounds
- Lifespan: 4–8 years
- Exercise: 1+ hours a day
- Grooming needs: Easy
- Family-friendly: Yes
- Other pet-friendly: Yes
- Trainability: Litter box training
- Average height (adult): 8–10 inches
- Average weight (adult): 2–2.5 pounds
- Lifespan: 4 – 8 years
- Exercise: 1+ hours a day
- Grooming needs: Easy
- Family-friendly: Yes
- Other pet-friendly: Yes
- Trainability: Litter box training
Genital Anatomy
When you’re trying to tell the difference between male and female guinea pigs, their genital area is the best place to look. However, it can be tricky, especially in babies. Male guinea pigs (boars) usually have a round opening, and if you gently press just above it, you can often see the penis pop out. Mature males will also have visible testicles near the anus. Females (sows) have a Y-shaped opening, and no testicles, of course. These differences are easier to spot as they get older, but if you’re unsure, it’s always a good idea to have a vet or someone experienced double-check. Keep in mind that mistakes can lead to an unexpected litter!
Male Guinea Pig Overview
Personality and Character
Many people choose the male guinea pig because it quickly bonds with its owners. It’s often more outgoing, confident, and friendly. The male is more likely to let you carry it around or sit on your lap, but it is also likely to run off exploring when it gets the chance. If you have never owned a guinea pig before, you might find the male more approachable. However, if you keep too many males in an enclosed space, they may become territorial and fight with each other, so it’s important to make sure they have enough space.
Health and Care
The male guinea pig is much messier than the female. It will toss its bedding around the cage, which can end up on the floor. It will also throw around the fruit, hay, lettuce, and other food you supply them. Despite their messy ways, they will require a constant supply of timothy hay supplemented with pellets and vegetables for nourishment and to help wear away their constantly growing teeth. While males look the same as females, they can be as much as one-third heavier, which means they will require slightly more food and exercise to prevent them from becoming overweight. Males also have a more prominent and active scent gland that they use to mark their territory, which can cause them to have an odor that some people may not enjoy, but you can manage it easily with more frequent baths.
Suitable for:
Male guinea pigs are suitable for inexperienced guinea pig owners. They are a bit more friendly and courageous, so it’s more likely they won’t spend the first few weeks hiding. Their messy nature will be time-consuming but will quickly give you the experience you need to care for these animals, and they will enjoy being carried around and exploring the home.
Female Guinea Pig Overview
Personality and Character
The female guinea pig is more reserved than the male and is easily scared, which will send her into hiding. An unseen pet can be frustrating to a new owner that may not understand why the guinea pig is worried. Sows are also less likely to allow you to carry them, but with patience, your female guinea pig will bond with you and be nearly as friendly as the male. Once familiar, it will prefer to be near you when they are scared, and they will also help calm other scared guinea pigs you may have.
Health and Care
Like the male guinea pig, the female will require a never-ending supply of timothy hay with a variety of leafy greens, vegetables, and species-appropriate pellets. However, the female is much neater and is unlikely to mess out of its habitat, much less throw food onto the floor. Many people who choose a female do so because of how much neater they are, requiring much less maintenance than their male counterparts.
Image Credit: Jackson Stock Photography, Shutterstock
Suitable for:
Females are a better choice for those who have enough experience and patience to allow her time to get used to the environment before pushing her into making friends. It’s also perfect for those that don’t have a lot of time to clean up after them and to put their habitat back in order. Females are also a good choice if you want to have several guinea pigs because they will not only help comfort them, but they may prevent or lessen the risk of territorial disagreements between males.
Which Gender Is Right for You?
As tempting as it may be to adopt a single guinea pig, it is important to keep in mind that guinea pigs are social animals and should always be kept in pairs or small groups. They rely on companionship to stay healthy and happy. When choosing your first guinea pigs, both males and females can make great pets, and the best fit depends on your setup and what kind of personality you’re hoping for.
Male guinea pigs are often more outgoing and form strong bonds with their humans. They can be a fun choice for first-time owners, but they may also be a bit more territorial, especially around other males. That’s something to keep in mind if you plan on adding more guinea pigs later on. You will need to initially adopt two bonded males and work on establishing a gradual introduction plan for newcomers.
Female guinea pigs are usually a little more reserved, but they tend to get along more easily with others, especially in same-sex pairs or groups. If you’re thinking about keeping a male and a female together, be aware that they will likely mate unless one or both are spayed or neutered. That step is essential to avoid surprise litters.
Whichever sex you choose, the most important thing is providing a loving home where they have companionship, proper nutrition, plenty of space, and daily interaction. We hope this helps you feel more confident in choosing the right guinea pigs for your home!
Related Reads:
- How to Choose the Right Cage Size for Guinea Pigs: A Guide
- Best Bedding Options for Guinea Pigs: Reviews & Top Picks
Featured Image Credit: Top – Teofil Mocan, Shutterstock | Bottom – livianovakova10, Pixabay
